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.NET 5.0 downloads for Linux, macOS, and Windows.NET is a free, cross-platform, open-source developer platform for building many different types of applications. This article describes an update for Microsoft.NET Framework 4.8 on Windows 10, version 1607; Windows 10, version 1703 (Catalog download only), and Windows Server 2016 (Catalog download only). Please note:.NET Framework 4.8has been refreshed with thelatest servicing updates as of January 14 th, 2020.
This article describes what is new in .NET Core 3.0. One of the biggest enhancements is support for Windows desktop applications (Windows only). By using the .NET Core 3.0 SDK component Windows Desktop, you can port your Windows Forms and Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications. To be clear, the Windows Desktop component is only supported and included on Windows. For more information, see the Windows desktop section later in this article.
.NET Core 3.0 adds support for C# 8.0. It's highly recommended that you use Visual Studio 2019 version 16.3 or newer, Visual Studio for Mac 8.3 or newer, or Visual Studio Code with the latest C# extension.
Download and get started with .NET Core 3.0 right now on Windows, macOS, or Linux.
For more information about the release, see the .NET Core 3.0 announcement.
.NET Core RC1 was considered production ready by Microsoft and was fully supported. If you're using a preview release, you must move to the RTM version for continued support.
Language improvements C# 8.0
C# 8.0 is also part of this release, which includes the nullable reference types feature, async streams, and more patterns. For more information about C# 8.0 features, see What's new in C# 8.0.
Tutorials related to C# 8.0 language features:
Language enhancements were added to support the following API features detailed below:
.NET Standard 2.1
.NET Core 3.0 implements .NET Standard 2.1. However, the default
dotnet new classlib template generates a project that still targets .NET Standard 2.0. To target .NET Standard 2.1, edit your project file and change the TargetFramework property to netstandard2.1 :
If you're using Visual Studio, you need Visual Studio 2019, as Visual Studio 2017 doesn't support .NET Standard 2.1 or .NET Core 3.0.
Compile/DeployDefault executables
.NET Core now builds framework-dependent executables by default. This behavior is new for applications that use a globally installed version of .NET Core. Previously, only self-contained deployments would produce an executable.
During
dotnet build or dotnet publish , an executable (known as the appHost) is created that matches the environment and platform of the SDK you're using. You can expect the same things with these executables as you would other native executables, such as:
macOS appHost and notarization
macOS only
Starting with the notarized .NET Core SDK 3.0 for macOS, the setting to produce a default executable (known as the appHost) is disabled by default. For more information, see macOS Catalina Notarization and the impact on .NET Core downloads and projects.
When the appHost setting is enabled, .NET Core generates a native Mach-O executable when you build or publish. Your app runs in the context of the appHost when it is run from source code with the
dotnet run command, or by starting the Mach-O executable directly.
Without the appHost, the only way a user can start a framework-dependent app is with the
dotnet <filename.dll> command. An appHost is always created when you publish your app self-contained.
You can either configure the appHost at the project level, or toggle the appHost for a specific
dotnet command with the -p:UseAppHost parameter:
For more information about the
UseAppHost setting, see MSBuild properties for Microsoft.NET.Sdk.
Single-file executables
The
dotnet publish command supports packaging your app into a platform-specific single-file executable. The executable is self-extracting and contains all dependencies (including native) that are required to run your app. When the app is first run, the application is extracted to a directory based on the app name and build identifier. Startup is faster when the application is run again. The application doesn't need to extract itself a second time unless a new version was used.
To publish a single-file executable, set the
PublishSingleFile in your project or on the command line with the dotnet publish command:
-or-
For more information about single-file publishing, see the single-file bundler design document. https://dallasburn.weebly.com/blog/super-mario-mac-download-free.
Assembly linking
The .NET core 3.0 SDK comes with a tool that can reduce the size of apps by analyzing IL and trimming unused assemblies.
Self-contained apps include everything needed to run your code, without requiring .NET to be installed on the host computer. However, many times the app only requires a small subset of the framework to function, and other unused libraries could be removed.
.NET Core now includes a setting that will use the IL linker tool to scan the IL of your app. This tool detects what code is required, and then trims unused libraries. This tool can significantly reduce the deployment size of some apps.
To enable this tool, add the
<PublishTrimmed> setting in your project and publish a self-contained app:
As an example, the basic 'hello world' new console project template that is included, when published, hits about 70 MB in size. By using
<PublishTrimmed> , that size is reduced to about 30 MB.
It's important to consider that applications or frameworks (including ASP.NET Core and WPF) that use reflection or related dynamic features, will often break when trimmed. This breakage occurs because the linker doesn't know about this dynamic behavior and can't determine which framework types are required for reflection. The IL Linker tool can be configured to be aware of this scenario.
Above all else, be sure to test your app after trimming.
For more information about the IL Linker tool, see the documentation or visit the mono/linker repo.
Tiered compilation
Tiered compilation (TC) is on by default with .NET Core 3.0. This feature enables the runtime to more adaptively use the just-in-time (JIT) compiler to achieve better performance.
The main benefit of tiered compilation is to provide two ways of jitting methods: in a lower-quality-but-faster tier or a higher-quality-but-slower tier. The quality refers to how well the method is optimized. TC helps to improve the performance of an application as it goes through various stages of execution, from startup through steady state. When tiered compilation is disabled, every method is compiled in a single way that's biased to steady-state performance over startup performance.
When TC is enabled, the following behavior applies for method compilation when an app starts up:
For frequently called methods, the just-in-time compiler eventually creates fully optimized code in the background. The optimized code then replaces the pre-compiled code for that method.
Code generated by Quick JIT may run slower, allocate more memory, or use more stack space. If there are issues, you can disabled Quick JIT using this MSBuild property in the project file:
To disable TC completely, use this MSBuild property in your project file:
Tip
If you change these settings in the project file, you may need to perform a clean build for the new settings to be reflected (delete the
obj and bin directories and rebuild).
For more information about configuring compilation at run time, see Run-time configuration options for compilation.
ReadyToRun images
You can improve the startup time of your .NET Core application by compiling your application assemblies as ReadyToRun (R2R) format. R2R is a form of ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation.
R2R binaries improve startup performance by reducing the amount of work the just-in-time (JIT) compiler needs to do as your application loads. The binaries contain similar native code compared to what the JIT would produce. However, R2R binaries are larger because they contain both intermediate language (IL) code, which is still needed for some scenarios, and the native version of the same code. R2R is only available when you publish a self-contained app that targets specific runtime environments (RID) such as Linux x64 or Windows x64.
To compile your project as ReadyToRun, do the following:
Cross platform/architecture restrictions
The ReadyToRun compiler doesn't currently support cross-targeting. You must compile on a given target. For example, if you want R2R images for Windows x64, you need to run the publish command on that environment.
Exceptions to cross-targeting:
Runtime/SDKMajor-version runtime roll forward
.NET Core 3.0 introduces an opt-in feature that allows your app to roll forward to the latest major version of .NET Core. Additionally, a new setting has been added to control how roll forward is applied to your app. This can be configured in the following ways:
One of the following values must be specified. If the setting is omitted, Minor is the default.
Besides the Disable setting, all settings will use the highest available patch version.
By default, if the requested version (as specified in
.runtimeconfig.json for the application) is a release version, only release versions are considered for roll forward. Any pre-release versions are ignored. If there is no matching release version, then pre-release versions are taken into account. This behavior can be changed by setting DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD_TO_PRERELEASE=1 , in which case all versions are always considered.
Build copies dependencies
The
dotnet build command now copies NuGet dependencies for your application from the NuGet cache to the build output folder. Previously, dependencies were only copied as part of dotnet publish .
There are some operations, like linking and razor page publishing that will still require publishing.
Local tools
.NET Core 3.0 introduces local tools. Local tools are similar to global tools but are associated with a particular location on disk. Local tools aren't available globally and are distributed as NuGet packages.
Warning
If you tried local tools in .NET Core 3.0 Preview 1, such as running
dotnet tool restore or dotnet tool install , delete the local tools cache folder. Otherwise, local tools won't work on any newer release. This folder is located at:
On macOS, Linux:
rm -r $HOME/.dotnet/toolResolverCache
On Windows:
rmdir /s %USERPROFILE%.dotnettoolResolverCache
Local tools rely on a manifest file name
dotnet-tools.json in your current directory. This manifest file defines the tools to be available at that folder and below. You can distribute the manifest file with your code to ensure that anyone who works with your code can restore and use the same tools.
For both global and local tools, a compatible version of the runtime is required. Many tools currently on NuGet.org target .NET Core Runtime 2.1. To install these tools globally or locally, you would still need to install the NET Core 2.1 Runtime.
New global.json options
The global.json file has new options that provide more flexibility when you're trying to define which version of the .NET Core SDK is used. The new options are:
For more information about the changes including default values, supported values, and new matching rules, see global.json overview.
Smaller Garbage Collection heap sizes
The Garbage Collector's default heap size has been reduced resulting in .NET Core using less memory. This change better aligns with the generation 0 allocation budget with modern processor cache sizes.
Garbage Collection Large Page support
Large Pages (also known as Huge Pages on Linux) is a feature where the operating system is able to establish memory regions larger than the native page size (often 4K) to improve performance of the application requesting these large pages.
The Garbage Collector can now be configured with the GCLargePages setting as an opt-in feature to choose to allocate large pages on Windows.
Windows Desktop & COM.NET Core SDK Windows Installer
The MSI installer for Windows has changed starting with .NET Core 3.0. The SDK installers will now upgrade SDK feature-band releases in place. Feature bands are defined in the hundreds groups in the patch section of the version number. For example, 3.0.101 and 3.0.201 are versions in two different feature bands while 3.0.101 and 3.0.199 are in the same feature band. And, when .NET Core SDK 3.0.101 is installed, .NET Core SDK 3.0.100 will be removed from the machine if it exists. When .NET Core SDK 3.0.200 is installed on the same machine, .NET Core SDK 3.0.101 won't be removed.
For more information about versioning, see Overview of how .NET Core is versioned.
Windows desktop
.NET Core 3.0 supports Windows desktop applications using Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) and Windows Forms. These frameworks also support using modern controls and Fluent styling from the Windows UI XAML Library (WinUI) via XAML islands.
The Windows Desktop component is part of the Windows .NET Core 3.0 SDK.
You can create a new WPF or Windows Forms app with the following
dotnet commands:
Visual Studio 2019 adds New Project templates for .NET Core 3.0 Windows Forms and WPF.
For more information about how to port an existing .NET Framework application, see Port WPF projects and Port Windows Forms projects.
WinForms high DPI
.NET Core Windows Forms applications can set high DPI mode with Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode). The
SetHighDpiMode method sets the corresponding high DPI mode unless the setting has been set by other means like App.Manifest or P/Invoke before Application.Run .
The possible
highDpiMode values, as expressed by the System.Windows.Forms.HighDpiMode enum are:
For more information about high DPI modes, see High DPI Desktop Application Development on Windows.
Create COM components
On Windows, you can now create COM-callable managed components. This capability is critical to use .NET Core with COM add-in models and also to provide parity with .NET Framework.
Unlike .NET Framework where the mscoree.dll was used as the COM server, .NET Core will add a native launcher dll to the bin directory when you build your COM component.
For an example of how to create a COM component and consume it, see the COM Demo.
Windows Native Interop
Windows offers a rich native API in the form of flat C APIs, COM, and WinRT. While .NET Core supports P/Invoke, .NET Core 3.0 adds the ability to CoCreate COM APIs and Activate WinRT APIs. For a code example, see the Excel Demo.
MSIX Deployment
MSIX is a new Windows application package format. It can be used to deploy .NET Core 3.0 desktop applications to Windows 10.
The Windows Application Packaging Project, available in Visual Studio 2019, allows you to create MSIX packages with self-contained .NET Core applications.
The .NET Core project file must specify the supported runtimes in the
<RuntimeIdentifiers> property:
Linux improvementsSerialPort for Linux
.NET Core 3.0 provides basic support for System.IO.Ports.SerialPort on Linux.
Previously, .NET Core only supported using
SerialPort on Windows.
For more information about the limited support for the serial port on Linux, see GitHub issue #33146.
Docker and cgroup memory Limits
Running .NET Core 3.0 on Linux with Docker works better with cgroup memory limits. Running a Docker container with memory limits, such as with
docker run -m , changes how .NET Core behaves.
GPIO Support for Raspberry Pi
Two packages have been released to NuGet that you can use for GPIO programming:
The GPIO packages include APIs for GPIO, SPI, I2C, and PWM devices. The IoT bindings package includes device bindings. For more information, see the devices GitHub repo.
ARM64 Linux support
.NET Core 3.0 adds support for ARM64 for Linux. The primary use case for ARM64 is currently with IoT scenarios. For more information, see .NET Core ARM64 Status.
Docker images for .NET Core on ARM64 are available for Alpine, Debian, and Ubuntu.
SecurityTLS 1.3 & OpenSSL 1.1.1 on Linux
.NET Core now takes advantage of TLS 1.3 support in OpenSSL 1.1.1, when it's available in a given environment. With TLS 1.3:
When available, .NET Core 3.0 uses OpenSSL 1.1.1, OpenSSL 1.1.0, or OpenSSL 1.0.2 on a Linux system. When OpenSSL 1.1.1 is available, both System.Net.Security.SslStream and System.Net.Http.HttpClient types will use TLS 1.3 (assuming both the client and server support TLS 1.3).
Important
Windows and macOS do not yet support TLS 1.3. .NET Core 3.0 will support TLS 1.3 on these operating systems when support becomes available.
The following C# 8.0 example demonstrates .NET Core 3.0 on Ubuntu 18.10 connecting to https://www.cloudflare.com:
Cryptography ciphers
.NET 3.0 adds support for AES-GCM and AES-CCM ciphers, implemented with System.Security.Cryptography.AesGcm and System.Security.Cryptography.AesCcm respectively. These algorithms are both Authenticated Encryption with Association Data (AEAD) algorithms.
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The following code demonstrates using
AesGcm cipher to encrypt and decrypt random data.
Cryptographic Key Import/Export
.NET Core 3.0 supports the import and export of asymmetric public and private keys from standard formats. You don't need to use an X.509 certificate.
All key types, such as RSA, DSA, ECDsa, and ECDiffieHellman, support the following formats:
RSA keys also support:
The export methods produce DER-encoded binary data, and the import methods expect the same. If a key is stored in the text-friendly PEM format, the caller will need to base64-decode the content before calling an import method.
PKCS#8 files can be inspected with System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs.Pkcs8PrivateKeyInfo and PFX/PKCS#12 files can be inspected with System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs.Pkcs12Info. PFX/PKCS#12 files can be manipulated with System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs.Pkcs12Builder.
.NET Core 3.0 API changesRanges and indices
The new System.Index type can be used for indexing. You can create one from an
int that counts from the beginning, or with a prefix ^ operator (C#) that counts from the end:
There's also the System.Range type, which consists of two
Index values, one for the start and one for the end, and can be written with a x.y range expression (C#). You can then index with a Range , which produces a slice:
For more information, see the ranges and indices tutorial. Download spotify songs to mac.
Async streams
The IAsyncEnumerable<T> type is a new asynchronous version of IEnumerable<T>. The language lets you
await foreach over IAsyncEnumerable<T> to consume their elements, and use yield return to them to produce elements.
The following example demonstrates both production and consumption of async streams. The
foreach statement is async and itself uses yield return to produce an async stream for callers. This pattern (using yield return ) is the recommended model for producing async streams.
In addition to being able to
await foreach , you can also create async iterators, for example, an iterator that returns an IAsyncEnumerable/IAsyncEnumerator that you can both await and yield in. For objects that need to be disposed, you can use IAsyncDisposable , which various BCL types implement, such as Stream and Timer .
For more information, see the async streams tutorial.
IEEE Floating-point
Floating point APIs are being updated to comply with IEEE 754-2008 revision. The goal of these changes is to expose all required operations and ensure that they're behaviorally compliant with the IEEE spec. For more information about floating-point improvements, see the Floating-Point Parsing and Formatting improvements in .NET Core 3.0 blog post.
Parsing and formatting fixes include:
New System.Math APIs include:
.NET Platform-Dependent Intrinsics
APIs have been added that allow access to certain perf-oriented CPU instructions, such as the SIMD or Bit Manipulation instruction sets. These instructions can help achieve significant performance improvements in certain scenarios, such as processing data efficiently in parallel.
Where appropriate, the .NET libraries have begun using these instructions to improve performance.
For more information, see .NET Platform-Dependent Intrinsics.
Improved .NET Core Version APIs
Starting with .NET Core 3.0, the version APIs provided with .NET Core now return the information you expect. For example:
Warning
Breaking change. This is technically a breaking change because the versioning scheme has changed.
Fast built-in JSON support
.NET users have largely relied on Newtonsoft.Json and other popular JSON libraries, which continue to be good choices.
Newtonsoft.Json uses .NET strings as its base datatype, which is UTF-16 under the hood.
The new built-in JSON support is high-performance, low allocation, and works with UTF-8 encoded JSON text. For more information about the System.Text.Json namespace and types, see the following articles:
HTTP/2 support
The System.Net.Http.HttpClient type supports the HTTP/2 protocol. If HTTP/2 is enabled, the HTTP protocol version is negotiated via TLS/ALPN, and HTTP/2 is used if the server elects to use it.
The default protocol remains HTTP/1.1, but HTTP/2 can be enabled in two different ways. First, you can set the HTTP request message to use HTTP/2:
Second, you can change HttpClient to use HTTP/2 by default:
Many times when you're developing an application, you want to use an unencrypted connection. If you know the target endpoint will be using HTTP/2, you can turn on unencrypted connections for HTTP/2. You can turn it on by setting the
DOTNET_SYSTEM_NET_HTTP_SOCKETSHTTPHANDLER_HTTP2UNENCRYPTEDSUPPORT environment variable to 1 or by enabling it in the app context:
Next stepsDownload Latest Dot Net Mac Os-->
In this article, you'll learn how to install .NET Core on macOS. .NET Core is made up of the runtime and the SDK. The runtime is used to run a .NET Core app and may or may not be included with the app. The SDK is used to create .NET Core apps and libraries. The .NET Core runtime is always installed with the SDK.
The latest version of .NET Core is 3.1.
Supported releases
The following table is a list of currently supported .NET Core releases and the versions of macOS they're supported on. These versions remain supported either the version of .NET Core reaches end-of-support.
Unsupported releases
The following versions of .NET Core are ❌ no longer supported. The downloads for these still remain published:
Runtime information
The runtime is used to run apps created with .NET Core. When an app author publishes an app, they can include the runtime with their app. If they don't include the runtime, it's up to the user to install the runtime.
There are three different runtimes you can install on macOS:
Latest Dot Net Framework Version
ASP.NET Core runtime
Runs ASP.NET Core apps. Includes the .NET Core runtime.
.NET Core runtime
This runtime is the simplest runtime and doesn't include any other runtime. It's highly recommended that you install ASP.NET Core runtime for the best compatibility with .NET Core apps. SDK information
The SDK is used to build and publish .NET Core apps and libraries. Installing the SDK includes both runtimes: ASP.NET Core and .NET Core.
Dependencies
.NET Core is supported on the following macOS releases:
Beginning with macOS Catalina (version 10.15), all software built after June 1, 2019 that is distributed with Developer ID, must be notarized. This requirement applies to the .NET Core runtime, .NET Core SDK, and software created with .NET Core.
The installers for .NET Core (both runtime and SDK) versions 3.1, 3.0, and 2.1, have been notarized since February 18, 2020. Prior released versions aren't notarized. If you run a non-notarized app, you'll see an error similar to the following image:
For more information about how enforced-notarization affects .NET Core (and your .NET Core apps), see Working with macOS Catalina Notarization.
libgdiplus
.NET Core applications that use the System.Drawing.Common assembly require libgdiplus to be installed.
An easy way to obtain libgdiplus is by using the Homebrew ('brew') package manager for macOS. After installing brew, install libgdiplus by executing the following commands at a Terminal (command) prompt:
Install with an installerDownload Latest Dot Net Framework
macOS has standalone installers that can be used to install the .NET Core 3.1 SDK:
Download and manually install
As an alternative to the macOS installers for .NET Core, you can download and manually install the SDK and runtime. Manual install is usually performed as part of continuous integration testing. For a developer or user, it's generally better to use an installer.
If you install .NET Core SDK, you don't need to install the corresponding runtime. First, download a binary release for either the SDK or the runtime from one of the following sites:
Next, extract the downloaded file and use the
export command to set variables used by .NET Core and then ensure .NET Core is in PATH.
To extract the runtime and make the .NET Core CLI commands available at the terminal, first download a .NET Core binary release. Then, open a terminal and run the following commands from the directory where the file was saved. The archive file name may be different depending on what you downloaded.
Use the following command to extract the runtime:
Use the following command to extract the SDK:
Tip
The preceding
export commands only make the .NET Core CLI commands available for the terminal session in which it was run.
You can edit your shell profile to permanently add the commands. There are a number of different shells available for Linux and each has a different profile. For example:
Edit the appropriate source file for your shell and add
:$HOME/dotnet to the end of the existing PATH statement. If no PATH statement is included, add a new line with export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet .
Also, add
export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet to the end of the file.
This approach lets you install different versions into separate locations and choose explicitly which one to use by which application.
Install with Visual Studio for Mac
Visual Studio for Mac installs the .NET Core SDK when the .NET Core workload is selected. To get started with .NET Core development on macOS, see Install Visual Studio 2019 for Mac. For the latest release, .NET Core 3.1, you must use the Visual Studio for Mac 8.4.
Install alongside Visual Studio Code
Visual Studio Code is a powerful and lightweight source code editor that runs on your desktop. Visual Studio Code is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
While Visual Studio Code doesn't come with an automated .NET Core installer like Visual Studio does, adding .NET Core support is simple.
Install with bash automation
The dotnet-install scripts are used for automation and non-admin installs of the runtime. You can download the script from the dotnet-install script reference page.
The script defaults to installing the latest long term support (LTS) version, which is .NET Core 3.1. You can choose a specific release by specifying the
current switch. Include the runtime switch to install a runtime. Otherwise, the script installs the SDK.
Note
The command above installs the ASP.NET Core runtime for maximum compatability. The ASP.NET Core runtime also includes the standard .NET Core runtime.
Docker
Containers provide a lightweight way to isolate your application from the rest of the host system. Containers on the same machine share just the kernel and use resources given to your application.
.NET Core can run in a Docker container. Official .NET Core Docker images are published to the Microsoft Container Registry (MCR) and are discoverable at the Microsoft .NET Core Docker Hub repository. Each repository contains images for different combinations of the .NET (SDK or Runtime) and OS that you can use.
Microsoft provides images that are tailored for specific scenarios. For example, the ASP.NET Core repository provides images that are built for running ASP.NET Core apps in production.
For more information about using .NET Core in a Docker container, see Introduction to .NET and Docker and Samples.
Next steps
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